Biodiversity loss is caused by habitat destruction, pollution, overexploitation of resources, climate change, and invasive species. This decline destabilizes ecosystems, reduces resilience to environmental changes, and disrupts services like pollination, water purification, and food production. For humans, it increases vulnerability to natural disasters and impacts livelihoods. Conservation efforts, habitat restoration, and sustainable resource management are critical to mitigating biodiversity loss and preserving ecological balance.