Rising sea levels, driven by melting polar ice and thermal expansion due to global warming, threaten coastal communities with flooding, erosion, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater systems. This impacts livelihoods, infrastructure, and biodiversity. Strategies to mitigate these effects include constructing sea walls, restoring mangroves, adopting managed retreat policies, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to slow climate change. Effective urban planning and international collaboration are vital to protecting vulnerable areas.