Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, within ecosystems. High biodiversity enhances resilience, ensuring ecosystems can adapt to changes and provide services like pollination, water purification, and climate regulation. Loss of biodiversity, caused by habitat destruction, pollution, and overexploitation, weakens ecosystems and threatens human survival. Conservation efforts, such as protected areas and sustainable practices, are vital to preserving biodiversity for future generations.