The rock cycle involves processes like weathering, erosion, sedimentation, heat, and pressure, transforming rocks between igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic forms. For example, magma cools to form igneous rock, which can erode into sediments, compact into sedimentary rock, and transform under heat and pressure into metamorphic rock, continuously reshaping Earth's surface.
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The rock cycle consists of processes like weathering, erosion, sedimentation, compaction, heat, pressure, melting, and cooling. These processes transform rocks into sedimentary, metamorphic, or igneous forms. For example, weathering breaks rocks into sediments, while heat and pressure create metamorphic rocks. Over time, these processes shape Earth's surface by forming mountains, valleys, and other geological features, ensuring continuous recycling of Earth's materials.
The rock cycle is a continuous process through which rocks change from one type to another. It involves four main processes:
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Weathering and Erosion: Rocks on Earth's surface break down into smaller pieces due to wind, water, and other natural forces. This creates sediments, which can be carried away and deposited elsewhere.
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Compaction and Cementation: Over time, sediments build up in layers and become compacted by the weight of newer layers on top. Eventually, these layers get cemented together to form sedimentary rocks.
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Heat and Pressure (Metamorphism): When rocks are buried deep within Earth, they experience extreme heat and pressure, which causes them to change in structure and mineral composition. This process creates metamorphic rocks.
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Melting and Cooling: If rocks are subjected to enough heat, they melt into magma. When this magma cools down, it hardens into igneous rock.
These processes shape Earth's surface by forming different types of rocks and landforms. For example, sedimentary rocks can form cliffs, metamorphic rocks can create mountain ranges, and igneous rocks can form volcanic islands. The rock cycle keeps Earth's surface dynamic and constantly changing.